The US consistently runs a trade deficit with Russia.

https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c4621.html

The US has a trade surplus with the UK, but still applied a 10% tariff to them.

He slapped a 50% tarrif on Lesotho, so it’s clearly not about size or impact.

And the UK got a 10% tariff applied even though the US doesn’t have a goods trade deficit with them.